Friday, April 13, 2007

Verbs, in all their agglutinated glory

UPDATE: I abandoned this blog long ago and just deleted a number of posts, but this one seems to still get some traffic so I left it up. Anyone who is interested in the Turkish language is invited to visit my new blog, which will feature translations I have done from Turkish into English. Thank you!

http://turkishliteratureintranslation.blogspot.com/

I wish I had seen a straight-up list like this from the very beginning so here it is for everyone.

Caveat: I know that the translations here may be simplified and may not address all the contexts/meanings... this is just a quick overview. For extensive explanation of use, see Lewis' Turkish Grammar. However, if I have made an outright mistake or glaring omission please let me know in the comments section.

veriyorum --I give, I am giving (present continuous)
veririm --I give, I will give (aorist or future)
vereceğim --I will give, I am going to give, I am giving (definite future)
verdim --I gave
vermişim --It is said that I gave
versem --If I gave
vereyim --Let me give (also I'll give)
vermeliyim --I must give/ I should give
veriyordum --I was giving
verirdim --I used to give, I would give, I would have given
verecektim --I was going to give
verdiydim --I had given
vermiştim --I had given
verseydim --If I had given
vereydim --I wish I had given
vermeliydim --I ought to have given, I should have given
veriyormuşum --They say that I was giving
verirmişim --It is said that I would give
verecekmişim --It is said that I shall give/ am about to give (also can be past)
vermişmişim --It is said that I had given
verseymişim --It is said that if I had given
vereymişim --I wished/ If I had given
vermeliymişim --It is said that I should have given
veriyorsam --If I am giving
verirsem --If I give
vereceksem --If I am to give
verdiysem --If I gave
vermişsem --if I have given
verebiliyorum --I am able to give
verebilirim --I can give (both present and future)
verebileceğim --I will be able to give
verebildim --I have managed to give/ I was able to give
verebilmişim --It is said that I managed to give/ was able to give
vermiş olacağım --I will have given
vermekte olacağım --I will be giving (obsolete)
vermiş olabilirdim --I could have given
vermekteyim --I am giving (formal) or I've been giving

verince --at the time of his giving, when (any subject) give(s)/gave
verdikten sonra --after giving
verdiği için --because he gave
verdiği takdirde --if he should give
verdiği halde --although he gave, even though he gave
verdiği zaman --when he gave, when he gives
vermesine rağmen --(Even) though he gave
verir vermez --as soon as he gives
veriver --give it quickly, Just give it
vererek --while/by giving
verirken --during the time of his giving
verdiği müddetçe --as long as he gives
veren --the one who gives, the giver
vere vere --by giving and giving
vereli --since giving
vermeden evvel/önce --before giving
verinceye kadar --up until the time that he gave
verdiğinden beri --since giving, since he gave
verircesine --as if he were/was giving